Setting up ROS 2 environment (Humble Hawksbill)

In this nugget, we will go through the steps to set up ROS (Robot
Operating System) on a computer with Ubuntu Linux. In doing so, we will
learn about ROS versions and distributions, Linux terminals, and steps
for installing ROS 2 Humble Hawksbill on Ubuntu 22.04.
Special attention is given to explaining the ROS workspaces and setting
up the ROS environment to explain their meaning and the key differences
between manual and automated sourcing. To conclude, the functionality of the ROS 2 environment is validated by running demo nodes implemented in C++ and Python.
To gain the most value from this learning nugget, the learner is
expected to actively engage by completing the example steps on their
computer. Thus, the learner needs a computer with Ubuntu 22.04 and
internet access. Basic experience using the Linux command line is helpful
but not required for completing this nugget.